Sunday, 24 January 2021

BBN3402SATU2020: PENTERJEMAHAN BERBANTUKAN KOMPUTER

Hiii dan assalamualaikum semua !

Pejam celik pejam celik dah nak habis rupanya semester ni tau. Rasanya haritu macm baru je lagi kita semua mula kelas, rupanya dah masuk week 14 pun. Ni saje lah nak cerita pengalaman aku sepanjang masuk kelas penterjemahan ni bersama Prof N. Disebabkan sebelum ni dah pernah masuk kelas Porf N maka dah boleh agak kisah suka duka untuk kelas ini. Hari pertama kelas penterjemahan okay, belum pressure sebab kerja tak terlalu banyak so masih boleh handle. Masuk week 2 dan week yang seterusnya, agak penat dan pressure sebab perlu siapkan terjemahan dan hantar pada waktu yang ditetapkan. Walaupun pressure and stress tapi kena hadap untuk satu hari je, tu pun bukan sampai malam. Kalau tugasan subjek lain? Hurmmm sampai baawak ke tidur kena siapkan. Tapi masuk week 9 dan sampai ke sekarang, Porf N baik hati bagi masa yang panjang untuk siapkan teks yang diterjemah. Fuh lega ! Kelas dengan Prof N seronok, walaupun tegas tapi saya tahu Prof N baik sangat-sangat. Dua semester dengan prof, terima kasih untuk segala ilmu. Semoga panjang umur dan sihat selalu Prof Normaliza!!!! 

Senarai tugasan dan pautan :

BBN3402SATU2020 MINGGU1 EXCEL

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU2 EXCEL

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU2 CERITA SOSIAL

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU3 EXCEL

BBN2302SATU2020: MINGGU3 PUISI

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU4 EXCEL

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU4 ALIM

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU4 PRAKATA & BAB 1

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU5 EXCEL

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU5 JADUAL EDITED

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU5 JADUAL CLEAN

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU6 PROF DI UK

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU6 UJARAN EDITED

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU6 UJARAN CLEAN

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU6 TESIS

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU7 EXCEL

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU7 QUOTATION

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU8 BERITA AWANI

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU8 TWITTER

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU8 TESIS

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU9 QUOTATION(2)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU9 CERITA PENDEK

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU9 TESIS BAB 1

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU9 WACANA

BBN3402SATU: MINGGU10 RESEPI (1)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU10 RESIPI(2)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU10 RESIPI(3)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU10 RESIPI(4)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU10 QUOTATION(3)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU10 TESIS MASIHKAH KAU INGAT?

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 QUOTATION(4)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 HURAIAN TESIS

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU 11 ASAS GRAFIK

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(1)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(2)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(3)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(4)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(5)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(6)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(7)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(8)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(9)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHN VIDEO(10)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(11)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(12)

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(13)


Saturday, 9 January 2021

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(13)

 

TERJEMAHAN BAHASA MELAYU

12. Menulis Artikel untuk Terbitan Dalam Jurnal. Jom Tulis Tesis.

 

Okay jom kita tulis artikel. Biasanya pelajar master atau pelajar PhD diwajibkan untuk menulis artikel untuk terbitan. Jadi saya boleh ajar serba ringkas ya bagaimana kita nak tulis artikel yang baik yang boleh kita terbitkan. Jadi, pada pelajar yang belum pernah terbit dia akan rasa banggalah. Biasanya artikel dalam jurnal atau bab dalam buku, biasanya hampir sama. Jadi kita ada disini, kita ada tajuk, tajuk mestilah yang menarik ya yang menarik sehingga orang nak baca artikel kita. Kita sertakan abstrak, abstrak kita terpulang kepada jurnal tersebut yang mempunyai berapa patah perkataan kadang-kadang antara 250 hingga 300. Kemudian ada pengenalan, ada sorotan kajian. Sorotan kajian ni terpulang kepada penulis masing-masing. Kadang-kandang dia tak letak perkataan sorotan kajian, dia letak tajuk macam contoh ‘Animasi Cerita Rakyat’, dia letak tu dalam tu merupakan sorotan. Kemudian ada metodologi, keputusan dan perbincangan, kesimpulan, dan rujukan. Bukan bibliografi dah ia rujukan.

 

Jadi, dalam yang ini kita mula-mula fokus kepada tajuk, tajuk tu kenalah menarik, biasanya tajuk tu kalau jurnal ke artikel ke biasanya tak boleh lebih daripada 20 patah perkataan. Jadi abstrak ini kita kalau tulis dalam bahasa Melayu kita tulis abstrak bahasa Melayu disertakan dengan abstrak bahasa Inggeris supaya ia lebih jelas. Dalam abstrak ini kita akan letak macam contohnya ayat lebih kurang lima ayat, empat atau lima ayat macam ayat mukadimah la ni. Mukadimah ni contohnya kita letak seperti latar belakang dan juga masalah yang dihadapi, masalah kajian sehingga timbulnya kita nak buat yang ini. Ayat ini diikuti dengan ayat objektif, kemudian ada metodologi. Metodologi ini kita kena letak la kalau ada sampel-sampel dan seterusnyalah sampai lokasi, kalau tak de tak payah letak macam tu. Lokasi kemudian semualah sehingga ke teori. Prosedur kena ada, cara analisis macam mana, analisis kena ada, kemudian daripada huraian kat sini kita letakkan kita punya keputusan, keputusan kajian kita tu kita letak dalam abstrak ni lah. Kita letak keputusan dan ayat akhir kita akan letak apa yang awak harapkan dalam kajian akan datang. Diharapkan kajian akan datang akan memberi fokus kepada apa dia, apa dia, apa dia. Ayat akhir mesti ada. Kemudian disertai dengan kata kunci. Okay kata kunci biasanya ada lima, kata kunci ada lima.

 

Dan diteruskan dengan pengenalan. Biasanya pengenalan ini awak boleh letak dalam lebih kurang ya lah kita nak memperkenal ni kita letaklah kita punya latar belakang, kita nak ceritalah tentang apa nama ciri-ciri apa benda yang berkaitan dengan tajuk kita tu tadi. Jadi pengenalan ini kadang-kadang awak letak dalam satu perenggan, ini agak penting ya kerana ada jurnal yang dia sangat-sangat pertaturan dia sangat ketat ya. Pengenalan ni adalah orang, ada orang letak dalam bentuk sorotan pula dalam tu. Jadi itu yang kena reject. Jadi terpulang kepada jurnal yang ada lah, terpulang. Baca balik apa arahan yang diberi. Yang satu perenggan ni letak macam latar belakang tersebut.

Kemudian masuk yang sorotan. Jadi ini satu perenggan ya. Sorotan tu tadi macam saya kata, awak boleh letak perkataan sorotan kajian ataupun awak boleh letak tajuk dia macam contohnya ‘Animasi Cerita Rakyat’, boleh antara dua, jadi sorotkan. Yang ini awak letak dalam empat perenggan, okay letak dalam empat perenggan yang mempunyai sorotan kajian lima tahun kebelakang sahaja. Okay, lima tahun kebelakang, dan juga perlu kritis. Jangan, macam yang saya ajar dalam Bab 2, kalau tak kritiskan, dia berdiri dengan sendiri je tak boleh macam tu. Maknanya, letak yang kritis. Maknanya bila huraian dalam satu perenggan tu ada satu nama, kemudian sokonglah dengan kajian-kajian yang lain, selari ke, hampir sama ke, sokong ke, letak kat situ. Juga letak yang negatif juga yang seperti ‘kajian ini, kajian Normaliza Abd Rahim, 2019 didapati tidak bersetuju dengan kajian yang dijalankan oleh ni, ni, ni, ni”, letakkan kepada dia tak setuju tu. Kena, itu namanya kritis mencari persamaan dan perbezaan. Okay ini dah empat perenggan dah, sebelum habis je daripada sorotan kajian itu ada ayat objektif. Ayat objektif ya, bukan satu subtopik. Biasanya ayat sahaja, dalam satu ayat iaitu justeru kajian ini ialah justeru daripada sorotan, masalah kajian ni semua ada jurang penyelidikan ya. Dalam sini semua ada jurang penyelidikan. Jadi, justeru kajian ini ingin mengenal pasti dan membincangkan apa dia, apa dia, apa dia, apa dia, satu ayat je. Jadi ini satu ayat, iaitu selepas sorotan kajian. Maknanya ini dah perenggan lain, ini perenggan baru. Jadi ini perenggan lainlah. Okay perenggan lain. Jadi perenggan tu ada satu je ayat. Kemudian terus masuk tajuk metodologi.

 

Metodologi ini awak kena lengkapkanlah semua yang ada kat dalam metodologi awak huraikan. Awak kena huraikan macam sebiji yang ada dalam tesislah. Ada sampel, ada lokasi, ada prosedur, ada analisis, ada bahan, kalau misalnya ada bahan tu awak kena letak pulak sinopsis bahan, iya lah sinopsis novel contoh dia, sinopsis cerpen contohnya, sinopsis apa sahaja ceritakan ada lah ni semua ada. Jadi, ini ada prosedur, ini ada analisis, ha ini awak boleh rujuk, rujuk balik dalam bab metodologi penulisan tesis letak kat dalam ni. Kemudian barulah masuk tajuk keputusan dan perbincangan.

 

Jadi dalam keputusan dan perbincangan ini, yang ini tadi teori pon kena ada ya dalam metodologi, keputusan dan perbicangan ini dia punya subtajuk kena lah kalau misalnya awak ikut teori, subtajuk mesti mengikut teorilah. Contohnya, ‘kandungan dalam interaksi perbualan’, contoh dia. Jadi maknanya, tajuk ini merupakan daripada teori. Ha lepas tu ada lah lagi ‘konteks dalam interaksi perbualan’, ‘andaian dalam interaksi perbualan’, ha begitu. Jadi ada lah disitu, huraian dia dalam ni samalah macam huraian dalam Bab 4, tak de masalah. Jadi yang ini terpulanglah, dia punya perenggan terpulang pada teori awak pilih. Kita ada banyak teori. Saya bagi yang teori analisis wacana ni teori yang saya ingat sekarang. Ada banyak lagi teori, teori kejuruteraan lain, teori sains lain, teori ekonomi lain, teori reka bentuk lain. Jadi berbeza. Lepas habis keputusan dan perbincangan, kita ada rumusan. Kalau kita tengok dekat sini ya, sebelum kesimpulan tu sebab kita ada nak rumuskan keputusan dan perbincangan, kita ada rumusan. Rumuskan, rumuskan dalam satu perenggan. Serupa juga dalam Bab 4 tesis kita, kita rumuskan, kita kena sokong. Sokong kajian yang atas tadi, dekat sorotan, yang ada dalam tesis lah. Maknanya yang ada dalam artikel. Jadi sokonglah itu, sokonglah teori. Cara penulisan dia sama dengan cara penulisan awak buat rumusan dalam Bab 4. Kemudian akhirnya, kesimpulan.

Okay dalam kesimpulan ni, dalam ini saya dah jelaskan apa yang sepatutnya ada dalam kesimpulan. Okay dalam kesimpulan ni, menjelaskan manafaat yang diperoleh daripada keputusan kajian. Maknanya, awak jelaskan manafaat kepada siapa. Keputusan yang kita dapat ni manafaat kepada siapa. Awak jelaskan tiap-tiap satu dalam satu perenggan. Kemudian ayat akhir kesimpulan itu tadi, ini sama lah yang dengan awak manafaatnya tadi, memberi manafaat kepada siapa dalam kesimpulan. Dalam ini tidak perlu rujukan. Jangan ada rujukan pula dalam kesimpulan. Sebab kita dah ada rujukan dah sokong-sokong. Kesimpulan ni kita nk beri manfaat je jadi tk perlulah rujukan. Kemudian ayat akhir dalam kesimpulan kita letaklah ‘diharapkan kajian akan datang’, ingat tak ayat yang saya cakap tadi. Ayat tu ada dalam abstrak. Janganlah copy paste ubah la sikit ayat dia. Ada dalam abstrak iaitu ‘diharapkan kajian akan datang akan memberi fokus kepada lirik lagu cerita rakyat contoh dia. Jadi ada kaitanlah, ini macam cadangan kita, cadangan akan datang kita, inilah yang kita masuk dalam ayat akhir ni.

 

Jadi dalam ini terpulang sebenarnya kepada jurnal atau bab dalam buku. Jumlah perkataan biasanya 5500. Ada yang orang kata jurnal yang sangat ketat dia punya peraturan, dia kata ‘okay satu artikel dia boleh terima 3000 je, jadi jangan lebih, kalau lebih biasanya dia suruh bayar. Terpulang kepada jurnal, ada jurnal dia kata ‘okay perlu 10000, ikut je lah patah perkataan dia. Ada jurnal dia punya subtopik ni berbeza. Subtopik berbeza, kita ikut ya. Terpulang kepada jurnal. Ini yang biasa. Ada jurnal yang kata ini, ini, ini, kita ubah la ikut jurnal itu. Jadi tulisan artikel ini untuk, artikel untuk jurnal, dan artikel untuk bab dalam buku pun sama sebenarnya. Penulisan ini memang biasanya kita kena ada. Kalau penulisan untuk pelajar sastera pun sama sebenarnya. Memang kena ada pengenalan, kena ada ni, ayat objektif, metodologi, keputusan dan perbincangan pun sama, cara penganalisis dia tengok lah awak nak pakai jadual, awak tak nak pakai jadual, awak nak sokong macam saya katakan awak nak sokong dekat rumusan ke, awak nak sokong dekat data ke masa huraian pon boleh takde masalah. Biasa ini adalah penulisan artikel, jurnal untuk semua bidang. Mungkin yang lain ialah terpulang kepada arahan yang di oleh jurnal tersebut. Jadi, yang penting juga, satu kena ada penanda wacana, ini kena ada lah, tiap-tiap halaman tesis kena ada, artikel pon ada. Nanti bila awak dh habis buat tesis, silap-silap hari bulan awak hafal semua beratus-ratus penanda wacana. Yang ada kat dalam buku ni sikit je, ha mungkin ada lagi banyak yang awak kena hafal. Penanda wacana mesti penting. Kemudian awak perlu semak banyak kali, semak dari segi ejaan, dari segi tatabahasa, semualah, semua kena semak. Pastu semak juga rujukan.

 

Okay rujukan dalam artikel ada dalam artikel ada dalam rujukan, ada dalam rujukan ada dalam artikel. Ingat ya juga baca arahan tu berkali-kali. Dan juga yang penting yang macam saya kata tadi, kalau tajuk artikel tu tak menarik, orang pon tak nak baca. Kata kunci tu penting kerana di sini lah kalau kita taip kat google perkataan tu keluar kekadang artikel tu keseluruhan akan keluar. Jadi cari, kena pastikan semua kepentingan yang penting-penting ini semua ada dalam artikel awak. Kalau lihat disini, oh okay lupa saya, serupa juga dalam ini kena 70 peratus rujukan terkini. Jumlah semua semua artikel, semua rujukan, ini jumlah lima tahu kebelakang darab seratus sama dengan mesti 70 peratus. Dan juga kebanyakan artikel lah semua artikel pastikan tahun yang awak hantar artikel itu contohnya 2020, artikel yang 2020 ni mesti ada sekurang-kurangnya tiga. Mesti ada tahun terkini itu mesti ada tiga. Janganlah misalnya awak hantar artikel tu 2020, 2020 punya rujukan satu pon tak de, tak boleh, kena ada. Jadi jumlah tu kena kali dengan 70 peratus, dalam 70 peratus ni ada minima tiga artikel yang tahun itu, tahun yang hantar. Saya rasa kalau macam buat artikel ni tak susah, sebab kajian yang awak dah buat daripada tesis tu tadi sebenarnya awak boleh ambik, ubah ayat dia jadikan artikel, sebab kita ni sebagai penyelidik kita kutip data, kadang-kadang data tu berlebih-lebih, iya lah kita kena kutip data yang lebih janganlah kutip data ngam-ngam sebab nanti kang tak boleh nak kita pakai dalam tu. Jadi sebab itulah bila kadang-kadang tanya, pelajar tanya saya ‘Prof, saya punya data, saya dah ambik, saya temu bual pelajar ni, tapi kebetulan pulak kawan kepada pelajar tersebut dok berdiri je kat tepi tu, dia nak sangat ditemu bual, saya pon temu bual, jadi maknanya data saya lebih’, baguslah saya kata. Sebab nanti mungkin data yang ini tak cukup kita boleh pakai data yang itu. Ha jadi kita bersedia dengan data yang lebih. Biarlah lebih, kalau kurang kang jenuh la pula kena tunggu luar pagar lagi sekali. Heh tapi salah etika ya, tunggu luar pagar luar pagar tu semua salah etika. Perlu mohon kebenaran untuk mengutip data. Kebenaran kementerian kalau nak pergi sekolah, kementerian daripada sekolah, semua kena perlukan kebenaran. Awak nak kebenaran nak ambik data daripada anak buah kat rumah, anak kakak, anak abang kat rumah pun perlu kebenaran. Mahu abang dengan kakak tak bertegur lima tahun kalau ambik video anak dia, lepas tu masukkan data dalam tesis, mahu tak bertegur lima tahun kan tak dapat duit raya. Jadi pastikan dapat kebenaran. Biasanya ada kebenaran bertulis. Kalau kebenaran yang video pun ada, kan kena saman. Kalau kena saman kan sekurang-kurang awak ada ‘ini dia sebenarnya kebenaran saya dapati’ ataupun kalau misalnya dia kata ‘mana kebenaran awak, awak disaman ni 250,000 sebab tak berkebenaran awak temu bual pekerja saya’, daripada syarikat holding mana-mana. Jadi awak cakap ‘oh saya ada kebenaran daripada ini kebetulan dia punya pengurus besar dia kata boleh videokan, videokan gambar dia mengatakan kebenaran’, ha pakai je la yang itu pun boleh. Jadi pastikan ada kebenaran. Artikel ni semua ada kebenaran. Letakkan nama sampel contohnya, janganlah letak nama sebenar ya, jangan letak nama sebenar, letaklah nombor. Karang kan jenuhlah budak yang nama dia, nama pelajar itu contohnya Muhamad Yusof, ha ada lebih kurang 450 Muhamad Yusof datang tuntut saman ‘kenapa guna nama saya dalam ini?’. Okay.

 


TERJEMAHAN BAHASA INGGERIS.

12. Writing Articles for Publication in Journals. Let's Write a Thesis.

 

Okay let's write an article. Usually master students or PhD students are required to write articles for publication. So, I can teach you briefly how we want to write a good article that we can publish. So, for students who have never been published he will feel proud. Usually articles in journals or chapters in books, are usually almost the same. So, here we have a title, the title must be interesting, interesting title so people want to read our article. We include the abstract, our abstract is up to the journal which has how many words sometimes between 250 to 300. Then there is the introduction, there is a literature review. The literature review are up to the respective authors. Sometimes he did not put the word of literature review, he put a title like for example 'Animation of Folklore', he put it inside a literature review. Then there are methodologies, results and discussions, conclusions, and references. It is not a bibliography, it is a reference.

 

So, in this one we first focus on the title, the title should be interesting, usually the title if the journal to the article to usually can not be more than 20 words. So, this abstract if we write in Malay language abstracts writing accompanied by an abstract in English to make it more clear. In this abstract we will place an example of a sentence of about five sentences, four or five sentences like the preamble verse here. For example, we put this preface as the background and also the problems faced, the problems of the study until the emergence we want to do this. This sentence is followed by an objective sentence, then there is a methodology. We have to put this methodology if there are samples and then go to the location, otherwise you don't have to place it like that. The location is then all up to theory. There must be a procedure, what kind of analysis, there should be an analysis, then from the description here we put we have the results, we put the results of our study in this abstract. We put the results and our final sentence will put what you expect in the next study. Hopefully future studies will focus on what, what, what. The last sentence must be there. Then accompanied by keywords. Okay keywords are usually five, keywords are five.

 

And continued with the introduction. Usually this introduction you can put in more or less, we want to introduce this we have to put a background, we want to tell you about the name of the features and things that are related to our title just now. So, this introduction sometimes you put in one paragraph, this is quite important because there is a journal that have a rules he is very strict. This introduction, there are people placed in the form of literature review in there. So that's what to reject. So it depends on the existing journal, it depends. Read back what instructions were given. This one paragraph is like the background.

 

Then enter the literature review. So, this in one paragraph. The literature review was like I said, you can put the word literature review or you can put the title of it like for example 'Animation of Folklore', can be between two, so highlight. This one you put in four paragraphs, okay put in four paragraphs that have highlighted the study five years ago only. Okay, five years ago, and also need to be critical. No, as I taught in Chapter 2, if you do not criticize him, he will stand on his own and cannot do that. Meaning, make it critical. This means that when the description in one paragraph has a name, then support it with other studies, parallel to, almost the same to, support to, put it there. Also put negative ones like ‘this study, Normaliza Abd Rahim’s study, 2019 was found to disagree with the study conducted by this, this, this, this”, put it to him who disagreed. It’s must, that's critis find the similarities and differences. Okay, these are four paragraphs, before the end of the literature review there are objective sentences. The objective sentence is not a subtopic. Usually just a sentence, in one sentence that is why this study is therefore from the spotlight, the problem of this study is all there is a research gap. In this all there is a research gap. So, therefore this study wants to identify and discuss what, what, what, what, one sentence only. So, this is a sentence, that is, after the highlight of the study. This means that this is another paragraph, this is a new paragraph. So, this is another paragraph. Okay another paragraph. So, that paragraph has one verse. Then continue to enter the title of the methodology.

 

You have to complete all this methodology in the methodology you describe. You have to describe like the one in the thesis. There is a sample, there is a location, there is a procedure, there is an analysis, there is material, if for example there is material you have to put a synopsis of material, yes it is a synopsis of novels for example, synopsis of short stories for example, synopsis of whatever story there is. So, this is a procedure, this is an analysis, ha this you can refer to, refer back in the chapter on the methodology of writing a thesis put in here. Then enter the title of the decision and discussion.

 

So, in this decision and discussion, this is the pound theory there must be in the methodology, decision and discussion he has the right subtitle, if for example you follow the theory, the subtitle must follow the theory. For example, ‘content in conversation interactions’, for example. So, that means this title is from theory. Then there is another ‘context in conversation interaction’, ‘assumption in conversation interaction’, like that. So, there it is, the description in this is the same as the description in Chapter 4, no problem. So, this one depends, has a paragraph depending on the theory you choose. We have many theories. I share this theory of discourse analysis theory that I remember now. There are many more theories, engineering theories are different, science theories are different, economic theories are different, design theories are different. So, it’s different. After the decision and discussion, we have a conclusion. If we look closely here, before that conclusion because we want to formulate decisions and discussions, we have formulations. Summarize, summarize in one paragraph. Similarly in Chapter 4 of our thesis, we formulate, we have to support. Support the above study, near the highlight, which is in the thesis. The meaning is in the article. So, support that, support theory. The way to writes is the same as the way you write the summary in Chapter 4. Then finally, the conclusion.

 

Okay in this conclusion, in this I have explained what should be in the conclusion. Okay in this conclusion, explain the benefits derived from the results of the study. Meaning, you explain the benefits to whom. The results we get are beneficial to whom. You explain each one in a paragraph. Then the last sentence of the conclusion just now, this is the same with you the benefits just now, give benefits to whom in the conclusion. In this there is no need for reference. Do not have any references in the conclusion. Because we already have references and support. This conclusion we will give benefits so there is no need for reference. Then the last sentence in our conclusion is 'hopefully the next study', remember the sentence I said earlier. That verse is in the abstract. Do not copy and paste a few verses. There is in the abstract that ‘hopefully the next study will focus on the lyrics of folklore songs example him. So there is a connection, this is like our suggestion, our next suggestion, this is what we enter in this last sentence.

 

So in this it really depends on the journal or chapter in the book. The number of words is usually 5500. Some people say a very strict journal has rules, he says ‘okay one article he can accept 3000 only, so don’t overdo it, if more he usually tells you to pay. Depending on the journal, there is a journal he said ‘okay need 10000, just follow the number of words. There are journals has different subtopics. Subtopics are different, we must follow. Depends on the journal. This is normal. There is a journal that says this, this, this, we change it to follow that journal. So, the writing of this article for, articles for journals, and articles for chapters in books are actually the same. This writing is usually what we have to have. If writing for literary students is actually the same. There must be an introduction, there must be this, the objective sentence, methodology, results and discussion are the same, the way the analyst sees it is you want to use the schedule, you do not want to use the schedule, you want to support like I said you want to support near the formula, you want to support close data to the time of pound description can be no problem. This is usually the writing of articles, journals for all fields. Perhaps the rest is up to the instructions given by the journal. So, the important thing is, one has to have a discourse marker, this has to be there, every thesis page has to exist, the article has pounds. Later when you finish your thesis, you mistakenly memorize all the hundreds of discourse markers on the day of the month. The ones in this book are a little je, ha maybe there is a lot more you have to memorize. Discourse markers must be important. Then you have to check many times, check in terms of spelling, in terms of grammar, everything, everything has to be checked. Also check the reference.

 

Okay the reference in the article is, in the article there is in the reference, there is in the reference there is in the article. Remember to read the instructions many times. And also the important thing like I said earlier, if the title of the article is not interesting, people do not want to read. The keyword is important because this is where if we type in google the word comes out sometimes the whole article will come out. So look, you have to make sure all these important interests are all in your article. If you look here, oh okay forget me, similar in this need 70 percent latest reference. The sum of all all the articles, all the references, this is the sum of five know behind one hundred times equal to must 70 percent. And also most of the articles are all articles make sure the year you submit the article for example 2020, this 2020 article must have at least three. There must be a recent year that there must be three. Do not, for example, you submit the article 2020, 2020 has a one-pound reference, it is not allowed, it must be three. So, that number has to be multiplied by 70 percent, in this 70 percent there are a minimum of three articles that year, the year you submit. I think how to make this article is not difficult, because the study you did from the thesis earlier you can actually take, change the sentence he made into an article, because we as researchers we collect data, sometimes the data is too much, we have to collect more data do not collect data just enough because later you can not want us to use in there. So, that's why when sometimes ask, students ask me 'Prof, I have data, I have ambiguous, I interviewed this student, but it just so happened that a friend of the student was standing by the side, he really wanted to be interviewed, I pound interview, so that means my data is more ', well it’s good I said. Because later maybe this data is not enough we can use that data. Ha so we are ready with more data. Let it be more, if it is less saturated it will have to wait outside the fence again. Take not, that was a wrong ethics, wait outside the fence is all wrong ethics. Need permission to request data collection. Ministry permission if you want to go to school, ministry from school, everyone needs permission. You want permission to take data from the children at home, the children of the sisters, the children of the brothers at home also need permission. Want a brother and sister who have not been reprimanded for five years if you take a video of their child, then enter the data in the thesis, if you do not want to be reprimanded for five years, you will not get Hari Raya money. So, make sure you get the truth. There is usually written permission. If the truth of the video is there, you will be sued. If you are sued, at least you have ‘this is actually the truth I found’ or if for example he said ‘where is your permission, you are summoned 250,000 because you are not allowed to interview my employees’, from any holding company. So, you said ‘oh I have permission from this coincidentally he has a general manager he said can videotape, videotape he says the truth’, so it can be used it. So, make sure there is truth. This article is all true. Put a sample name for example, do not put the real name, do not put the real name, put the number. If not, boy whose name, the name of the student for example Muhamad Yusof, so there are about 450 Muhamad Yusof came to demand a suit ‘why use my name in this?’. Okay.

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(12)

 

TERJEMAHAN BAHASA MELAYU

11. Menulis Bibliografi  #JomTulisTesis

 

Bibliografi. Bibliografi ini pentinglah, memanglah semua penting, semua bab dalam tesis penting, semua penulisan penting, bibliografi pun penting. Jadi, bila kita nak buat  bibiliografi, kita kena konsisten lah. Kita sama ada buat gaya APA atau MLA. Tetapi, biasanya pelajar dia suka yang APA ini, katanya mudah tapi bila kita tengok buat salah juga. Jadi bibiliografi ini kalau APA itu biasa lah kalau kita tengok dalam buku ini saya ada letak contoh bagaimana nak tulis rujukan dalam bentuk APA. Sebab kalau saya letak dua-dua, biasanya lah dalam kebanyakan tesis memang APA. Jadi kita kena pastikan bahawa kalau jurnal kalau rujukan jurnal dia punya nama jurnal italic. Jadi kalau kita lihat di sini kalau kita lihat contoh-contoh yang terdapat dalam errr dalam ini. Kejap ya. Okey. Kita adalah semua sekali. macam mana kita nak, bibiliografi dan rujukan contoh nama Melayu kita nak rujuk macam mana, nama. Contohnya kalau contoh bibliografi rujukan nama Alim Al Mustaqimbillah Roslan. Nama dia kemainlah panjangnya. Contohnya, nama Melayu kena letak nama melayu semua panjang-panjang lebar tu . Ialah maklumlah zaman sekarang kan nama Melayu ada tiga perkataan, ada sampai empat perkataan, ada yang sampai lima, penat cikgu nak tulis kat dalam masa sekolah nanti ya. Sebab itulah nama, contohnya nama Alim Al-Mustaqimbillah akhirnya mak dia, dia pergi , apa nama buat cop, jadi buku tulis semua dia cop sahaja . Tak larat nak tulis dengan tangan. Jadi, nama melayu letak nama penuh. Dalam bibiliografi pun penuh dalam rujukan pun penuh. Dalam tesis ni, dalam bibiliografi begini. Jadi, semuanya nama begini. Kalau nak nama Chin Lin Li, contohnya letak Chin ataupun bukan bibliografi letak Chin L L dalam bibliografi. Nama Arumugam Muthusamy bagaimana bagaimana, nama Jepun bagaimana bagaimana dan seterusnya. Ada contoh-contoh. Jadi, kalau misalnya kalau kita lihat di sini kita lihat dalam buku ini kalau rujukan dalam tesis kita letak kalau ni Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 dalam kurungan. Kemudian, ada jadi kalau kurungan semua letak kurungan semua ada takde koma. Jadi ini titik dua kalau ada halaman dan seterusnya. Kita ada banyak contoh-contoh kita ya. Jadi bibiliografi hendaklah mengandungi maklumat seperti berikut. Jadi ini ada semua maklumat-maklumat dia. Jadi, penulisan rujukan dalam tesis bagaimana. Ini semua arahan ya. Jadi ada cara-cara penulisan semua ada dalam ini supaya ia tidak keliru. Apa yang saya nak jelaskan di sini pastikan apa penulisan dia mesti betul dalam bibiliografi dan juga yang penting ini dalam tesis, ini bibliografi. Okey Apa yang awak rujuk dalam tesis perlu ada dalam bibliografi. Kemudian semak. Saya suka semak secara manual yang manual maknanya saya printkan bibiliografi letak tepi. Laptop letak kat sini. Tengok muka surat satu-satu letak. Kalau yang dah kita letak warna merah dekat laptop lepastu bibiliografi kita tanda right. Sebab kalau buat manual memang betul. Kita bukan nak percaya sangat dekat mesin ni. Bukan tak percaya ya, memang tak percaya. Mesin nama pun mesin kan. Jadi dalam tesis ada rujukan tu dalam bibilio ada rujukan tu. Ni sebelum kita nak hantar tesis ni. Kemudian kita semak dalam bibiliografi ada nama tu kenalah dalam tesis pun ada bermakna kita kena cross represif. Bermakna kedua-duanya pasti ada, ada yang tak ada buang, janganlah semata-mata bercita-cita nak bibiliografi sampai 10, 15 halaman sedangkan tak ada pun dalam tesis, memang kita pemeriksa kita semak satu-satu.  Sebab itu tugas pemeriksa satu-satu. Itulah kerja saya, saya baca dalam tesis, saya buka saya tengok belakang, saya baca saya right.  Eh ni kenapa belakang dalam ni tahun contohnya dalam dalam ini namanya Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan 2019 tiba-tiba dekat belakang Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan 2018 pula dah lain pulak. Itu macam seolah ada dua artikel berbeza jadi salah macam contohnya dalam bibiliografi ada. Aiman Mustaqim Roslan 2019 tengok dekat dalam Aiman Mustaqim Roslan 2015 memang tak kena lah dua-dua salah. Jadi, pastikan semak satu-satu. Okey untuk tesis ya, memanglah untuk tesis dan juga untuk artikel pun macam tu ya kita perlu ada 70% rujukan terkini. Terkini maknanya macam saya kata ya mestilah rujukan yang 5 tahun kebelakang. Jadi yang itulah yang awak-awak pastikan kalau awak hantar tesis pada 2023 maknanya lima tahun kebelakangan 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 , 5 tahun ke belakang. Okey 70% mana apa yang awak buat ialah jumlah kesemua dulu semua dalam bibiliografi, okey dalam bibiliografi. Kemudian, mula jumlah contohnya jumlah nanti kita bagi contoh ya. Jumlah ada 100 semua sekali dalam tesis dia kemudian saya kira yang 5 tahun ke belakang. Okey, lima  tahun ke belakang saya kira ada 70 , 70 ya . Jadi awak tekan awak punya kalkulator dekat telefon awak yang mahal daripada saya tu, jadi, awak tekan kalkulator jadi tekanlah apa X 100,  maknanya awak sudah ada 70% rujukan terkini . Maknanya tesis ini boleh diterima . Boleh diterima kalau misalnya ialah maklumlah kita ni nak sebenarnya nak mengelak daripada pelajar ni plagiat dia tiru bulat-bulat lah ataupun pelajar tu memang memang malas lah kesimpulannya. Nak baca pun tak nak, nak rujuk yang terkini lagilah tak nak lepas tu bila kita tanya kenapa tak ada rujukan terkini. “Oh, tak ada kajian Prof tak ada, saya cari-cari tak jumpa”. Yang dia cari tu ada tiga je artikel yang dia cari yang lagi 546 artikel tajuk sama dia tak cari. Jadi, dia kata “saya dah cari tapi tak jumpa”. Aduhai, jadi ayat tu kita tak mahu terima. jadi semua pun tak terima bukan saya tak terima saya rasa semua penyelia pun tak terima. Jadi pastikan awak cari tepat dapat 70% memang boleh terima boleh duduk goyang kaki pergi jalan-jalan, pergi IOI makan banyak-banyak sebab bolehlah kita meraikan bahawa rujukan 70% sudah tercapai haa begitu. Jadi, pastikan 70%. Janganlah sampai awak dapat, “Alamak Prof 20% je Prof? saya dah usaha tiga tahun saya usaha nak cari rujukan yang terkini tak jumpa saya dapat semua kebanyakan 1980-an”. Pastu dapatlah 2010 ke bawah memang saya kata sila lah buat Universiti sendiri sebab dia tak usaha langsung jadi pastikan 70% daripada rujukan terkini . Tengoklah bila tarikh yang awak nak hantar, buatlah rujukan itu. Jangan ada satu lagi ya. Contohnya kalau awak nak hantar tadi 2023. Okey, dia nak hantar 2023 tu pada bulan Disember, Okeylah kita ambil Oktober ya Oktober dia hantar 2023. Tetapi didapati bahawa yang rujukan 2023 tiada. Langsung tiada dalam tesis tersebut sedangkan masa yang dia nak submit ialah Oktober. Maknanya artikel untuk 2023 dah keluar banyak dah. Dah keluar banyak tapi bila kita semak tak ada rujukan 2023. Ha 2022 lagi dah tak ada yang dia banyak yang ini 2021 2022. Tak bolehlah. Kita kenalah ada terutama yang ini yang memang kalau yang ada terkini masa awak hantar tesis Memang terbaik lah. Ada pula ini lagi ya jadi ini penting jangan yang ini dia kita fokus jadi pastikan ada pada tarikh awak hantar tu tahun itu punya rujukan mesti ada. Okey penting.  Bahagian ini penting rujukan ni semua penting. Cara-cara nak rujuk semua ada dekat dalam ni. Ada pelbagai cara buat rujukan bibiliografi dan rujukan bagaimana kita nak tulis semua cara dia berbeza. Ya. Tapi kalau nama Melayu dalam Jurnal melayu memang tulis nama penuhnya Normaliza Abd Rahim Contoh dia. Tetapi kekadang saya hantar artikel ke jurnal antarabangsa , contohnya saya dah tulis dalam artikel tu Normaliza Abd rahim bibiliografi Normaliza Abd Rahim tetapi dia orang yang format kan semula jadi nama saya jadi, jadi begini. Dia automatik kan buat saya tak buat sebab saya percaya sebab kalau yang ini ada berjuta-juta orang nama Rahim N.A. Terutamanya Rahim ini memang ramai lah berjuta. Jadi sebab itu saya amik Normaliza Abd Rahim tapi terpaksa lah kita ikut cara jurnal itu. Sebab jurnal antarabangsa memang dia ada format dia sendiri kena kadang-kadang kita submit saya submit dihantar balik katakan mohon untuk tukar, tukar cara penulisan sebaik kena ikut cara dia Ini kerana kalau barat memang nama akhir lah. Sebab itu dia kena ikut semua cara barat jadi ikut ikut lah cara barat. Terpulang kepada apa yang terkeluar. Ini kalau jurnal. Nanti jurnal saya jelaskan dalam video yang lain. Jadi jelas ya tentang penulisan bibiliografi ini sangat penting 70% kalau tak cukup cari lagi.  Jangan hantar tesis selagi tak cukup sebab ini menunjukkan kualiti tesis tersebut.  misalnya awak dapat 60% tu memang tak boleh nak di terima sebab macam tak nak usaha sebenar boleh je cari banyak je artikel yang awak boleh sorot untuk dah artikel terkini yang awak boleh sorot ya.

 TERJEMAHAN BAHASA INGGERIS

11. Write a Bibliography #LetsWriteThesis 

Bibliography. This bibliography is important, of course all is important, all the chapters in the thesis are important, all the writing is important, the bibliography is also important. So, when we want to do bibliography, we have to be consistent. We either do APA style or MLA. But, usually his students like this APA, he said it is easy but when we look at it make a mistake too. So this bibliography if APA is normal if we look in this book I have an example of how to write a reference in the form of APA. Because if I put two, usually in most theses is APA. So we have to make sure that if the journal if the journal reference he has the name of the italic journal. So if we look here if we look at the examples found in errr in this. Just a second. Okay. We are all at once. how can we, bibliography and reference examples Malay name we want to refer to any kind of name. For example, if the bibliography is a reference to the name of Alim Al Mustaqimbillah Roslan. His name is a long play. For example, the name of the Malay name Malay touched all long-length. Today it's known is a Malay name three words, there are up to four words, there are up to five, i'm going to write a bit tired in the later school years. That is why the name, for example the name of Alim Al-Mustaqimbillah finally his mother, he left, what is the name for the stamp, so all the notebooks he stamped only. No need to write by hand. Thus, the name of Malay park full name. The bibliography is full and the references are full. In this thesis, in this bibliography. So, everything is named like this. If you want the name Chin Lin Li, for example put Chin or not bibliography put Chin L L in the bibliography. Name Arumugam Muthusamy how how, Japanese name how how and so on. There are examples. So, if for example if we look here we see in this book if the reference in the thesis we put if this Normaliza Abd Rahim 2019 in parentheses. Then, there is so that if all the brackets are in the brackets, there will be no coma. So this is point two if there is a page and so on. We have many examples of us yes. So the bibliography should contain the following information. So here is all his information. So, writing a reference in the thesis how. These are all instructions. So there are ways of writing all there in this so that it is not confused. What I want to explain here is make sure that what he writes must be correct in the bibliography and also that this is important in the thesis, this is the bibliography. Okay What you refer to in the thesis should be in the bibliography. Then check. I like to check manually which manual means I print the sidebar bibliography. The laptop is located here. Look at the pages one by one. If we have put a red color near the laptop then our bibliography is the right sign. Because if you make a manual, it is correct. We do not want to believe very close to this machine. Not that I don't believe it, I do not believe it. The name machine is also a machine, right? So in the thesis there is that reference in the bibilio there is that reference. This is before we want to submit this thesis. Then we check in the bibliography there is a name that must be in the thesis also means we have to be cross repressive. This means that both must be there, some are not discarded, do not just aspire to bibliography up to 10, 15 pages while not even in the thesis, we do check our examiners one by one. That is why it is the duty of the examiner one by one. That is my work, I read in the thesis, I open I look back, I read I right. Eh, why is the back in this year, for example in this, his name is Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan 2019, suddenly near the back of Muhammad Mustaqim Roslan 2018, it is different. It's as if there are two different articles so one of the examples in the bibliography is there. Aiman ​​Mustaqim Roslan 2019 look closely in Aiman ​​Mustaqim Roslan 2015 is not wrong, both are wrong. So, be sure to check one by one. Okay for the thesis yes, of course for the thesis and also for the article like that yes we need to have 70% latest reference. The latest meaning is like I said yes it must be a reference 5 years ago. So that is what you make sure if you submit your thesis in 2023 it means five years from 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 5 years back. Okay 70% of what you do is the sum of all first all in bibliography, okay in bibliography. Then, start the number for example the amount later we will give an example yes. There are a total of 100 all at once in his thesis then I count that 5 years back. Okay, five years ago I thought there were 70, 70 yes. So you press you have a calculator near your phone that is more expensive than me, so, you press the calculator so press what X 100, it means you already have 70% of the latest references. This means that this thesis is acceptable. It can be accepted if, for example, you know we want to actually want to avoid this student plagiarism he imitated completely or the student is really lazy in conclusion. I want to read but I don't want to, I want to refer to the latest and I don't want to miss it when we ask why there is no latest reference. "Oh, there is no Prof study, there is no search, I was looking but could not find it". What he was looking for was three articles he was looking for and another 546 articles of the same title he was not looking for. So, he said "I searched but did not find". What, so that sentence we do not want to accept. so everyone does not accept, not I do not accept, I think all supervisors do not accept. So make sure you find exactly can 70% can accept can sit rocking legs go the streets, go IOI eat a lot of reasons we can celebrate that the reference 70% has been achieved haa so. So, make sure 70%. Do not until you get, "Oh Prof 20% only Prof? I have been trying for three years, I tried to find the latest reference, but I did not find it, I got it all in the 1980s ”. Then I got 2010 and below, I said please make your own University because it is not a direct effort so make sure 70% of the latest references. See when the date you want to send, make that reference. Don't have another one. For example, if you want to send 2023. Okay, he wants to send 2023 in December, Okay, we take October, yes October he sent 2023. But it was found that the 2023 reference does not exist. Absolutely not in the thesis while the time he wants to submit is October. This means that articles for 2023 have come out a lot. It has come out a lot but when we check there is no reference 2023. Ha 2022 again there is not much he has this 2021 2022. It is not allowed. We have to have this, especially this one, which if it is the latest when you submit your thesis, it is the best. There is this again, yes, so this is important, don't focus on this one, so make sure it is on the date you sent it, that year there must be a reference. Okay important. This section is important this reference is all important. Ways to refer all are close in here. There are various ways to make a bibliographic reference and reference how we want to write all the ways he is different. Yes. But if the name of the Malays in the Malay Journal wrote his full name was Abd Rahim Normaliza Example him. But sometimes I send articles to international journals, for example I have written in the article Normaliza Abd rahim bibliography Normaliza Abd Rahim but he is a person who naturally formats my name so, so this. He automatically for me did not do it because I believe because if this one has millions of people named Rahim N.A. Especially this Rahim is indeed millions. So that's why I am friends with Normaliza Abd Rahim but we have to follow the way of the journal. Because international journals do have their own format, sometimes we have to submit, I submit, send back, say please change, change the way you write, you have to follow his way. That is why he has to follow all the western ways so follow the western way. Depends on what comes out. This is a journal. Later my journal will explain in another video. So it is clear that the writing of this bibliography is very important 70% if you do not look enough anymore. Do not submit a thesis as long as it is not enough because this shows the quality of the thesis. For example, you get 60%, you really can't be accepted because you don't seem to want real effort, you can look for many articles that you can highlight for the latest articles that you can highlight.

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(11)

 

TERJEMAHAN BAHASA MELAYU

10. Kesimpulan (Bab 5) #JomTulisTesis.

 

          Kita akan mula membincangkan tentang penulisan dalam Bab 5. Dalam Bab 5 ini, kita sebenarnya mempunyai, kalau kita lihat dalam buku ini, kita mempunyai lebih kurang enam subtopik. Kalau kita lihat enam subtopik ini, kita mulakan 5.1 iaitu pengenalan seperti yang saya katakan sebelum ini dalam semua bab mesti mengandungi pengenalan dan juga kesimpulan. Namun, Bab 5 kesimpulan digantikan dengan penutup. Jadi pengenalan bab ini kita cuma huraikan apa yang terkandung dalam Bab 5 ini. Seterusnya, kita akan membincangkan tentang rumusan. Bahagian rumusan ini, sebenarnya kita tengok berapa jumlah objektif kita. Sekarang ni kita ada dua objektif. Jadi dalam rumusan maknanya kita akan membincangkan dalam dua perenggan sahaja. Tidak perlu banyak perenggan sebab rumusan ini kita sudah pun bincangkan dalam Bab 4. Jadi tidak perlu panjang lebar. Jadi kita mempunyai perenggan satu, perenggan dua. Jadi maknanya sekarang kita rumuskan objektif satu yang tentang mengenal pasti wacana tekstual animasi cerita rakyat Melayu, letak dalam satu perenggan. Kemudian menganalisis kesan skrip animasi cerita rakyat Melayu dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah rendah dalam perenggan kedua. Jadi ingat ya, dalam rumusan ini kita tidak perlu lagi nk menulis tentang apa yang data kita dapat, berapa orang sampel apa semua tu. Kita Cuma letak apakah keputusan kajian tapi dengan cara rumusan, makanya dengan cara ringkas sahaja. Namun, jika kita punya kajian kita berbentuk kualitatif, maknanya dalam rumusan ini kita letaklah data keputusan itu sahaja. Jadi bukanlah data yang awal yang kita peroleh tetapi data keputusan akhir sahaja. Yang itu kita boleh letak dalam bentuk penomboran. Jadi dalam rumusan ini ingat ya, ringkas dan juga dalam rumusan tidak boleh sama dengan rumusan dalam Bab 4, tidak boleh sama, kena berhati-hati di situ ya. Seterusnya kita masuk kepada implikasi, implikasi ini ialah tentang apakah implikasi kajian ini tentang keputusan kajian yang awak dapat diperoleh ni, apakah implikasi dia. Memberi manafaat kepada siapa. Jadi awak kena senaraikan dalam bentuk perenggan juga. Jadi ini pastikan bahawa implikasi ini agak berbeza dengan apa yang awak tulis dalam kepentingan kajian. Jadi yang inilah kita lebih terperinci lagi lah. Contohnya kalau kita nampak kepentingan kajian itu dalam kalangan masyarakat keseluruhannya, jadi dalam implikasi itu siapa dalam golongan siapa, pelajar sekolah rendah sahaja ke, pelajar istimewa ke, pelajar sekolah. Jadi kita akan rincikan dengan lebih teliti ya. Kemudian kita akan masuk 5.4 ya. 5.4 ini kebaharuan. Okay ini perkara yang baharu ya, perkara yang baharu yang mana biasanya tesis jarang kita dapat lihat tentang subtopik ini tetapi kita perlu wujudkan subtopik kebaharuan. Apa kebaharuan ni?. Dalam bahasa Inggerisnya ialah novelty. Jadi novelty ini penting ya, dimana kita akan menunjukkan apa perkara baharu yang kita peroleh yang kita dapat setelah kita jalankan kajian, kita dapatkan keputusan kajian, apa kebaharuannya. Kalau kita lihat dalam kita punya kajian ini, di sini contohnya, jadi contohnya ya, dalam animasi cerita rakyat Melayu ini, okay yang diterbit oleh Dewan Bahasa Pustaka, contohnya ya ia terbit tahun 2020. Baru sahaja diterbitkan. Jadi baru sahaja diterbitkan maknanya tak de siapa lagi lah yang boleh buat kajian lagi. Jadi awak lah orang yang pertama yang membuat kajian ini. Dan juga, contohnya sekarang, skrip animasi ini memanglah perkara baharu serupa, benda yang sama ya skrip animasi ini diberi pendapat oleh pelajar sekolah, okay tentang pandangan dia, tentang skrip animasi. Perkara baharu juga. Jadi perlu dihuraikan dalam satu perenggan sahaja tentang apakah kebaharuan yang terdapat dalam kajian awak ini. Jadi huraikan dalam satu perenggan tentang yang tadi lah skrip animasi itu dan juga tentang kesan dia bagaimana pelajar sekolah rendah dapat memberi pendapat tentang skrip itu tersebut ya. Okay seterusnya 5.5 ialah cadangan. Cadangan ini biasanya kekadang pelajar dia buat silap ya, dia buat salah sikit, jadi yang ini awak boleh buat dalam bentuk subtopik. Jangan letak macam contoh ada pelajar dia pergi letak perkataan, subtajuk dia metodologi, kemudian dia huraikan, dia anggapkan bahawa dia cadangkan dari segi metodologi ubah. Ini tidak jelas ya. Jadi apa perlu awak buat, jangan letak yang macam ni awak kena cadangkan tajuk dia. Jadi kalau contohnya, kajian ini ‘wacana tekstual skrip animasi cerita rakyat’, okay jadi awak boleh cadangkan ya dalam skrip animasi cerita rakyat ini juga mengandungi lirik lagu ataupun lagu cerita rakyat. Jadi awak boleh cadangakan kajian tentang lirik lagu animasi cerita rakyat. Jadi bawah ni awak perlu buat huraian, huraian tentang apa yang dimaksudkan yang ini. Okay barulah yang ini cadangan awak lebih fokus daripada awak letak satu perkataan sahaja. Itu tidak berfokus. Jadi itu baru satu. Kemudian 5.1.2 awak cadangkan yang lain lagi mungkin daripada skrip animasi cerita rakyat tu awak boleh cadangkan kajian kepada kanak-kanak yang berumur tujuh tahun untuk mengenal pasti kata kerja ataupun kata adjektif dalam skrip animasi cerita rakyat. Itu bendanya kita letak seluruh ayat tu kena beri huraian apa benda dia, macam mana kajian itu dijalankan. Okay yang untuk cadangan ini, kita letak minima tiga dan maksima kita letak lima kerana ada pelajhar kadang-kadang dia letak satu sahaja. Jadi satu sahaja menunjukkan bahawa kajian awak yang sebelum ni tak lah berapa penting dan sampai tak de kajian lagi yang boleh, kajian lanjutan yang kita boleh cadangkan. Jadi lebih baik kita letakkan minima tiga, seperti yang saya kata, saya ulang tadi ya, letakkan tajuk, tajuk ya jangan perkataan, letakkan tajuk kemudian beri huraian, letakkan ayat tajuk kajian, huraian. Kemudia letak tiga. Seterusnya, yang akhir ialah penutup. Yang penutup ini satu perenggan sahaja. Okay dalam satu perenggan sahaja iaitu awak kena tutup bukan sahaja Bab 5 tapi keseluruhan tesis. Jadi yang ini ya perlu diingat bahawa ini ayat awak sendiri. Tidak ada data lagi dah dalam tu, tak de rujukan dah, tak perlu ada. Ini ayat awak sendiri, awak nak tutup awak punya kajian. Dah penat buat bertahun-tahun tesis ini awak perlu tutup. Ini ayat sendiri lah. Ayat yang tentang  kajian awak. Jadi keseluruhan Bab 5 ini biasanya lapan hingga 10 halaman. Tidak perlu panjang kerana kalau dilihat pengenalan ringkas sahaja, dan juga penutup baru seperenggan seperenggan, baru satu halaman, yang lain sahaja huraian. Ini lebih kurang. Lebih kurang dia punya halaman ya. Jadi jangan lebih-lebih. Sebab ada didapati pelajar dia letak sampai 20 halaman, tak tau apa yang dia letak. Kadang-kadang jadi yang banyak sangat halaman tu sebab rumusan ini. Dia pergi copy paste daripada Bab 4 ataupun huraian yang dia ada ni entah mana yang dia dapat pula, dia letak pulak rujukan tiba-tiba. Ingat, dalam rumusan ni dah tak perlu ada rujukan lagi dah. Tak perlu dah sebab kita nak merumuskan. Kalau rujukan-rujukan ni kita dh ada letak dalam Bab 4. Jadi tak perlu ada rujukan lagi dah dalam ini. Implikasi ni pun tak perlu ada rujukan dah. Malah kebaharuan ini pun dah tak perlu ada rujukan, cadangan pun tiada. Sebab Bab 5 ni kebanyakannya kita nak simpulkan keseluruhan kajian yang kita telah jalankan. Okay.

 

TERJEMAHAN BAHASA INGGERIS

 

10. Conclusion (Chapter 5) #Let'sWriteAThesis.

 

We will begin to discuss the writing in Chapter 5. In this Chapter 5, we actually have, if we look in this book, we have about six subtopics. If we look at these six subtopics, we start with 5.1 which is the introduction as I said before in all the chapters should contains an introduction and also a conclusion. However, Chapter 5 conclusion is replaced by a closing. So, in the introduction to this chapter we just describe what is contained in this Chapter 5. Next, we will discuss the summary. Part of this summary, we actually see how many of our objectives are. Now we have two objectives. So, in summary it means we will discuss in two paragraphs only. There is no need for many paragraphs because this conclusion we have already discussed in Chapter 4. So, there is no need for length. So, we have paragraph one, paragraph two. So, does this mean we now conclude that the objective of identifying textual discourse animation Malay folklore, put in one paragraph. Then analyze the effect of animation script Malay folklore among primary school students in the second paragraph. So remember, in this summary we no longer need to write about what data we get, how many people sample what it all is. We just put what the results of the study but in a concise way, so in a concise way only. However, if we have our study in the form of qualitative, it means in this summary we put the data of the results only. So, it is not the initial data that we obtain but the final decision data only. That we can put in the form of numbering. So, in this summary remember, concise and also in the summary can not be the same as the summary in Chapter 4, can not be the same, be careful there okay. Next, we go into the implications, these implications are about what are the implications of this study about the results of the study that you can obtain, what are the implications of it. Benefit to whom. So, you have to list it in paragraph form as well. So, make sure that these implications are quite different from what you wrote in the important of the study. So, this is what we are more detailed about. For example, if we see the importance of the study in society as a whole, so in that implication who is in the group of who, only primary school students, special students, or school students. So, we will detail in more detail okay. Then we will enter 5.4 okay. 5.4 is a novelty. Okay this is a new thing, a new thing which is usually the thesis we rarely see about this subtopic but we need to create a novelty subtopic. What is this novelty?. In Malay it is kebaharuan. So, this kebaharuan is important okay, where we will show what new things we get that we get after we conduct a study, we get the results of the study, what is the novelty. If we had seen in our study, here for example, be an example, in this animation Malay folklore, okay published by Dewan Bahasa Pustaka, for instance okay it was published in 2020. Recently published. So, it has just been published, meaning no one else can do the research anymore. So, you are the first person to do this study. And also, for example now, this animated script is indeed a similar new thing, the same thing this animated script is given an opinion by the school student, okay about his views, about the animated script. New things too. So, it is necessary to describe in one paragraph only about what novelties are found in this study of yours. So, describe in one paragraph about the previous animated script and also about the effect he had on how primary school students can give an opinion about the script. Okay next 5.5 is a suggestion. This suggestion is usually a student he made a mistake, he did a little wrong, so this one you can do in subtopic form. Do not put an example of a student he went to put a word, subtitled him methodology, then he elaborated, he assumed that he suggested in terms of methodology change. This is not clear. So, what do you need to do, do not put something like this you have to suggest the title of him. So, if for example, this study is ‘textual discourse of folklore animated script script’, okay so you can suggest in this folklore animation script also contains song lyrics or folklore songs. So, you can suggest a study on the lyrics of animated folklore songs. So, below you need to make a description, a description of what this means. Okay then this is your suggestion more focused than you put just one word. That is not focused. So, that's just one. Then 5.1.2 you suggest something else that might be from the folklore animation script then you can suggest a study to a seven-year-old child to identify the verbs or adjectives in the folklore animation script. That's the thing we put the whole sentence has to give a description of what he is, how the study was conducted. Okay for this suggestion, we put a minimum of three and a maximum of five we put because there are students who sometimes put only one. So, only one shows that your previous study is not as important and until there is no further study that can be, further study that we can suggest. So, we better put a minimum of three, as I said, I repeated okay, put a title, a title yes do not words, put a title then give a description, put a sentence of the title of the study, a description. Then place three. Next, the last one is the cover. The cover is one paragraph only. Okay in one paragraph only that you have to cover not only Chapter 5 but the whole thesis. So, this one keep in mind that this is your own sentence. There is no more data in it, no reference, no need. This is your own sentence, you want to close you have a study. Tired for many years doing this thesis, this thesis you need to close. This is the verse itself. A sentence about your study. So, the whole of this Chapter 5 is usually eight to 10 pages. It does not need to be long because if you look at the brief introduction only, and also the closing of a paragraph, there were just one page, only another is description. This is more or less. More or less about the pages. So, do not overdo it. Because there are students he puts up to 20 pages, do not know what he puts. Sometimes there are so many pages because of this summary. He went to copy and paste from Chapter 4 or the description he had, no matter where he got it, he suddenly put a reference. Remember, in this summary there is no need for a reference anymore. No need because we want to summarize it. If we have these references, we have them in Chapter 4. So, there is no need for any references in this. This implication does not even need a reference. Even this novelty does not need a reference, no suggestions. Because most of Chapter 5 we want to summarize the whole study that we have conducted. Okay.

BBN3402SARU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(10)

 

9b. Keputusan dan Perbincangan. Analisis Tanpa Jadual-2 (Bab 4). #JomTulisTesis

 

BAB 4

KEPUTUSAN DAN PERBINCANGAN

 

Sebelum ini saya ada menerangkan cara menganalisis data keputusan dan perbincangan dengan menggunakan jadual. Jadi kita ada satu lagi cara yang berbeza iaitu tanpa menggunakn jadual.

 

4.1 PENGENALAN

Semua bab perlu ada pengenalan dan dalam bab 4 ini kita Cuma jelaskan apa yang terkandung dalam bab ini. Jangan buat panjang lebar takut nanti jadi seperti sorortan kajian. Jadi dalam pengenalan ini tidak perlu ada rujukan sebab bila kita letak rujukan akhirnya akan jadi seperti bukan bab 4. Sebab bab 4 ini kita akan analisis data.

 

4.2 OBJEKTIF KAJIAN

Saya beri contoh objektif tentang kajian wacana tekstual animasi cerita rakyat. Jadi sebenarnya penulisan tesis ini tidak kiralah sains sosial, sains ataupu teknologi semuanya hampir sama. Jadi kalau kita tengok disini objektifnya ialah mengenal pasti wacana tekstual. Seperti biasa kita akan letak dia punya ayat dan objektif itu. Ayat itu ditulis tanpa menggunakan perkataan yang awal ini iaitu mengenal pasti atau menganalisis. Jadi yang ini pastikan jangan letak disinilah. Sebab kadang-kadang pelajar ini letak mengenal pasti wacana tekstual blab la bla kat hujung ini. Haa tak perlu. Selepas wacana tekstual kita teruskan dengan teori sebelum ini.

  

4.2.1 KANDUNGAN

Kita bermula dengan kandungan. Tpi sebelum kita nak masukkan data wacana tekstual kita perlu jelaskan juga disini haa macam ayat mukaddimahlah. Menurut Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019), wacana tekstual terbahagi kepada tiga elemen iaitu bla bla bla. Kita beri penjelasan supaya pemeriksa faham apa yang sepatutnya kita nak analisis. Jadi bila kita masukkan kandungan disini kita kena jelaskan jugalah. Kena jelaskan apa makna kandungan menurut analisis wacana Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Kemudian ia berbeza dengan sebelum ini iaitu tidak perlu menggunakan jadual. Contohnya kandungan ini yang sebelum ini kita dapat daripada skrip iaitu skrip satu sehingga skrip tiga puluh. Jadi lepas susun skrip itu buat sistem pengekodan daripada satu sehingga tiga puluh. Jadi kita tahu skrip yang mana kita rujuk sebenarnya. Jadi di sini contohnya dalam kandungan kita ada tema. Jadi tema itu kita boleh letaklah dalam skrip. Kita dapati bahawa skrip satu kita letaklah di tengah-tengah. Pastikan ia berbeza. Sebab ayat dia sebelah sini hingga sebelah sini. Jadi buktinya kita letak dibahagian tengah dan biasanya letak dalam italic. Kemudian contoh ni ayat dia bukti daripada skrip itu tadi. Kemudian kita boleh letaklah dibawah ini. SK 1 contohnya daripada skrip no 1. Ayat ini menunjukkan tema yang terdapat dalam skrip tersebut. Jadi awak boleh susun tema macam saya katakana tema kekeluargaan. Awak boleh beri lima contoh.

 

 

4.2.1.1 TEMA KEKELUARGAAN 

Semua skrip dalam ini memang ada tema kekeluargaan. Ataupun ada 10 sahaja skrip yang ada tema kekeluargaan . jadi awak boleh ambik contoh daripada situ .lima atau sepuluh contoh sebagai bukti. Terpulang kepada arahan penyelia. Kalau penyelia suruh letak semua, ikutlah letak semua ditengah-tengah tuliskan skrip atau pengekodannya SK 1. Jadi kita tahulah keseluruhan data ini mempunyai tema kekeluargaan. Setelah letak SK 1, awak buat huraian di sini. Jadi maknanya SK 1 di atas dan huraikan apa dia. Apa tema kekeluargaan?. Bukti tu dah ada kat sini. Jadi kita huraikan daripada bukti itu. Dan setelah itu awak boleh buat sokongan kajian daripada bab 2. Jadi bukti daripada tema itu disokong oleh siapa siapa siapa yang awak ambik daripada bab 2. Sokongan ini juga perlu ambik kajian 5 tahun kebelakang. Jangan nak amik tahun 1980-an.

 

 

4.2.2 KONTEKS

Setelah selesai buat huraian, masukkan yang lain pulak . Contohnya SK 15. Kemudian terus buat huraian. Jadi yang ini tiada dalam betuk jadual tetapi perbezaannya ialah kita letak data yang kita dapat letakkan ditengah-tengah. Pastikan yang ini line dia sama. Kemudian huraiannya lebih kurang satu perenggan atau dua perenggan dan seterusnya. Ini baru satu tema. Kalau penyelia suruh buat lima tema ataupun tiga tema. Terpulang kepada pelajar yang mendapati daripada skrip ini. Ada berapa tema yang awak dapat kenal pasti. Pastikan teliti dengan baik setiap skrip agar tidak berlaku keguguran data dalam kajian. Kalau awak nak buat tiga atau lima tema, pastikan awak letak dalam batasan kajian bahawa awak Cuma analisis lima tema sahaja. Dan beri justifikasi mengapa pilih lima. Kalau tiada justifikasi memang tak boleh dan awak kena letak semua tema yang terdapat dalam skrip ini. Pastikan letak penanda wacana. Ia penting supaya kelihatan seperti penulisan akademik. Yang kedua, setelah huraian objektif

 

 

4.2.3 RUMUSAN 

Setelah habis huraian, kita rumuskan semua huraian tersebut. Dalam ini kita boleh letak sokongan dalam bab 2 dan juga kita sokong teori. Ada dua cara. Cara yang pertama, sokong huraian dalam setiap objektif, kajian lepas. Cara yang kedua, sokong kajian lima tahun kebelakang dan juga sokong teori. Jadi rumusan ini tidak perlu hurai panjang. Sebab kalau hurai panjang dah jadi seperti kita salin balik apa yang kita dah tulis dalam bab 4. Jadi kita kena rumuskanapa keputusan dari segi kandungan, rumusan untuk konteks, kemudian terus sokong dengan teori. Ayat perlu tulis seperti kajian ini selari , hampir sama, ataupun kajian ini menyokong ataupun awak nak letak kata negatif seperti kajian ini berbeza dengan dapatan kajian daripada kajian lepas.

 

Jadi dalam rumusan ini perlu ada empat atau lima nama kajian lepas yang berkait dengan kajian bab 2 itu. Itu yang menyebabkan kita punya kajian ini lebih berkualiti dan juga memang kita merujuk kepada apa yang terdapat dalam bab 2. Itu amat penting. Pastikan analisis mempunyai data yang lengkap. Cara nak lakukan pengekodan data akan saya terangkan dalam video yang lain. Tetapi ini secara ringkas sahaja. Jadi maknanya, pastikan semua bukti terdapat dalam bab 4 ini. Supaya tiada lagi persoalan tentang di mana data itu?. Serupa juga untuk analisis objektif kedua. Sama juga caranya. Jadi awak boleh letak dan buat huraian tiap-tiap satu. Huraian tak bolehlah ringkas sangat sebab ini kita punya bab. Ada juga pelajar masukkan data kat tengah tanpa jadual, kemudian objektif kedua dalam jadual,boleh bermakna kita nampak perbezaan diantara kedua objektif tersebut. Pokoknya sekarang terpulang kepada pelajar kalau dapat memberi kefahaman kepada penyelia. Jadi saya rasa yang lain tu sama macam kita nak buat analisis kajian. Jadi ingat ya, macam saya kata, dalam bab 4 .analisis bab 1 40 halaman dan bab 2 40 halaman untuk Master. Kalau dia buat PhD tambah lagi satu. Ingat ya, minima 40 halaman, jadi misalnya kalau awak rasa na lebih sikit tapi pastikan ia seimbang. Sama ya sebab ia menunjukkan kepentingan bagi setiap objektif. Kalau buat objektif 1, 20 halaman, objektif 2, 50 halaman dan objektif 3, 5 halaman, tak boleh. Kerana ia menunjukkan tiada kepentingan kepada objektif 3. Dan kurang kepentingan objektif 1. Jadi menunjukkan cara awak menganalisis itu tidak mencukupi. Jadi cara ini langsung tidak boleh. Pastikan ia seimbang. Bayangkan pelajar master atau phd, tak bolehlah terlalu sikit. Saya jumpa ada jugak pelajar buat objektif 1, 10 halaman, objektif 2, 5 halaman dan objektif 3, 1 halaman. Sebab dia kata nak menyenaraikan sahaja. Tak boleh. Ini dah tahap master phd mana boleh huraian bab 4 banyak ini sahaja. Tapi bila kita tengok tesis itu tebal. Mana datangnya tebal tu. Yang kita sangkakan mestilah bab 4 rupanya dia banyak dalam bab 3. Bab 4 ini penting ya kerana menunjukkan kita punya kajian. Bertahun-tahun kita belajar ini yang kita dapat. Sebab itu kajian kita. Kajian kita berbeza dengan kajian orang lain. Bab 4 penting sebab menunjukkan kajian kita. Penanda wacana penting. Rumusan perlu ada sokongan daripada bab 2 lima tahun kebelakang yang berkait dengan kajian. Dan bukti yang kita letak ini memang betul dan mencukupi.

  

TERJEMAHAN INGGERIS

9b. Results and Discussions. Analysis Without Table-2 (Chapter 4). #Let'sWriteAThesis

 

CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

 

Previously I have explained how to analyze decision data and discussion using tables. So we have another different way which is without using a schedule.

 

 

4.1 INTRODUCTION 

All chapters need an introduction and in this chapter 4 we just explain what is contained in this chapter. Do not make the length of the fear later to be like the study highlight. So in this introduction there should be no reference because when we place the reference it will eventually be like not chapter 4. Because in chapter 4 we will analyze the data.

 

4.2 STUDY OBJECTIVES

I give an objective example of the study of animated textual discourse of folklore. So in fact the writing of this thesis no matter social science, science or technology are all almost the same. So if we look here the objective is to identify the textual discourse. As usual we will place he has that sentence and objective. The sentence was written without the use of this initial word i.e. identify or analyze. So make sure this is not placed here. Because sometimes these students just identify the textual discourse blab la bla at this end. Haa no need. After the textual discourse we proceed with the previous theory.

 

4.2.1 CONTENTS

We start with the content. But before we want to enter the textual discourse data we need to explain here as well as the preamble sentence. According to Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019), textual discourse is divided into three elements, namely blah blah blah. We give an explanation so that the examiner understands what we should want to analyze. So when we enter the content here we have to explain as well. Need to explain what is the meaning of content according to the analysis of discourse Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Then it is different from before that there is no need to use the table. For example, this content that we previously got from the script that is script one to script thirty. So after compiling the script create a coding system from one to thirty. So we know which script we are actually referring to. So here for example in our content there is a theme. So that theme we can put in the script. We find that script one we put in the middle. Make sure it is different. Because his sentence is from here to here. So the proof is we put it in the middle and usually put it in italics. Then this example sentence he proof from the script earlier. Then we can put it below. SK 1 for example from script no 1. This sentence shows the theme found in the script. So you can arrange the theme like I said the family theme. You can give five examples

  

4.2.1.1 FAMILY THEME 

All the scripts in this do have a family theme. Or there are only 10 scripts that have a family theme. so you can take an example from there. five or ten examples as proof. Depends on the supervisor's instructions. If the supervisor tells you to put everything, follow the place in the middle and write the script or coding SK 1. So we know that all this data has a family theme. After placing SK 1, you make a description here. So it means SK 1 above and explain what he is. What is the family theme ?. That evidence is already here. So we elaborate on that evidence. And after that you can support the study from chapter 2. So the evidence from the theme is supported by who is who you are from chapter 2. This support should also be taken from the study 5 years later. Do not want to be friends in the 1980s.

  

4.2.2 CONTEXT 

After completing the description, enter the rest. For example SK 15. Then continue to make a description. So this one is not in the form of a table but the difference is that we put the data that we can put in the middle. Make sure this line is the same. Then the description is about one paragraph or two paragraphs and so on. This is just one theme. If the supervisor asks you to make five themes or three themes. It is up to the students who find out from this script. How many themes can you identify. Make sure to carefully examine each script so that there is no data loss in the study. If you want to make three or five themes, make sure you put in the limits of the study that you only analyze five themes. And justify why choose five. If there is no justification, it is not possible and you have to put all the themes in this script. Make sure to place the discourse marker. It is important to look like academic writing. The second, after the objective description

  

4.2.3 CONCLUSION

After finishing the description, we formulate all the descriptions. In this we can place support in chapter 2 and also we support the theory. There are two ways. The first way, support the description in each objective, the last study. The second way is to support the study of the last five years and also to support the theory. So this formula does not need a long description. Because if the long description has become like we copy what we have written in chapter 4. So we have to formulate any decision in terms of content, summary for context, then continue to support the theory. Sentences need to be written like this study in parallel, almost the same, or this study supports or you want to put negative words like this study is different from the findings of the study from the previous study. So in this summary there should be four or five names of previous studies related to the study of chapter 2. That is why we have this study more quality and also indeed we refer to what is found in chapter 2. That is very important. Make sure the analysis has complete data. How to do data encoding I will explain in another video. But this is only brief. So that means, make sure all the evidence is in this chapter 4. So that there is no more question about where the data is ?. The same is true for the second objective analysis. The same way. So you can put and make a description of each one. The description should not be too short because we have this chapter. There are also students entering the data in the middle without a table, then the second objective in the table, can mean we see the difference between the two objectives. The point is now up to the students if they can give an understanding to the supervisor. So I think the others are the same as we want to do a study analysis. So remember yes, as I said, in chapter 4 .analysis chapter 1 40 pages and chapter 2 40 pages for Master. If he does a PhD, add another one. Remember, at least 40 pages, so for example, if you feel a little more but make sure it is balanced. Same because it shows the importance of each objective. If you make objective 1, 20 pages, objective 2, 50 pages and objective 3, 5 pages, you can not. Because it shows no importance to objective 3. And less importance to objective 1. So showing the way you analyze it is not enough. So this way can not be at all. Make sure it is balanced. Imagine a master or phd student, it should not be too little. I found that there are also students for objective 1, 10 pages, objective 2, 5 pages and objective 3, 1 page. Because he said he just wanted to list. Can not. This is the level of master phd where you can describe chapter 4 a lot only. But when we look at the thesis is thick. Where does that thick come from? What we think must be chapter 4 apparently he is a lot in chapter 3. This chapter 4 is important because it shows we have a study. The years we learned this we got. That is why our study. Our study is different from the study of others. Chapter 4 is important because it shows our study. Discourse markers are important. The summary should have the support of chapter 2 five years ago related to the study. And the evidence we put in is indeed correct and sufficient.